United Airlines flight to run on animal fat and farm waste

Posted July 1, 2015

United Airlines will soon use biofuel made from animal oil and by-products as early as this summer, according to a Daily Mail article available here. The New York Times also published an article available here and KMBZ here.

This is the biggest deal to date with a company producing biofuel derived from municipal solid waste, or household garbage, to run alongside an existing contract with another biofuel manufacturer. 

Next week United plans to announce a $30 million investment into Fulcrum BioEnergy - which uses materials such as paper, plastics, textiles, wood and more that is currently disposed of in landfill to make biofuel.

As part of the investment, United will also have the opportunity to purchase up to 90 million gallons of sustainable fuel from Fulcrum for a minimum of 10 years. Fulcrum's first alternative fuels plant is expected to begin commercial operation in 2017, according to KMBZ.

United's Executive Vice President and General Counsel Brett Hart said in a statement that "alternative fuels is an emerging industry that is vital to the future of aviation." The investment, he says, "is just one of our intiiatives to help make these fuels saleable and scalable."

"Investing in alternative fuels is not only good for the environment," Hart continued, "it's a smart move for our company as biofuels have the potential to hedge against future oil price volatility and carbon regulations."

United’s deal is the airline’s second major push toward alternative fuels. In 2013, the airline agreed to buy 15 million gallons of biofuels over three years from a California-based producer called AltAir Fuels, which makes biofuels out of nonedible natural oils and agricultural waste, according to The New York Times.

For the first two weeks, four to five flights a day will carry a fuel mixture that is 30 percent biofuel and 70 percent traditional jet fuel then, the fuel will be blended into the overall supply. The flight will have very little differences for passengers, but for the airlines and the biofuels industry, the flight will represent a long-awaited milestone: the first time a domestic airline operates regular passenger flights using an alternative jet fuel.

For more information on the Renewable Energy, please visit the National Agricultural Law Center’s website here.

Rep. Kristi Noem: Congress Will Pass Farm Bill

Rep. Kristi Noem (R-SD), member of the House Agriculture Committee, says that Congress will pass a farm bill “in the coming months” according to an article by the Argus Leader, available here.  According the article, Noem indicated that:

“My leadership team has told me that it’s going to happen, because I’ve been pretty ugly with them at different times.”  She continued, “So I’m taking them at their word that they’re going to make sure it gets scheduled and they’re going to make sure we’ve got the votes.” 

The farm bill continues to be a contentious issue in Congress over issues including the nutrition title, farm program payments, and even a catfish inspection program.  For more background on these issues past posts on this blog are available here, here, and here. 

The Senate has had success passing a farm bill, but the road to success has been far more challenging in the House.  In 2012, the House Agriculture Committee passed a farm bill, but it was never brought up for a vote in the House.  The 2012 outcome illustrates the deep divisions on certain issues, which is on only display when the House initially failed to pass a farm bill earlier this year.  Later, the House split the nutrition title from the farm bill that paved a possible path forward for getting a competing bill that could be conferenced with the Senate.  Notably, the House-passed bill would also repeal the 1938 and 1949 permanent laws that have been the backstop to getting previous farm bills across the legislative finish line.  Indications have been that the House will bring up a nutrition-only bill in September, following the August recess, that would cut nutrition programs by about $40 billion.  That said, significant doubts have been expressed about the political viability of that approach.

Senators Introduce Bill to End Corn-Ethanol Mandate

Posted January 19, 2015

Sens. Pat Toomey (R-Pa.) and Dianne Feinstein (D-Calif.) introduced a bill to approve the Keystone XL oil pipeline eliminating the corn ethanol-blending mandate, according to The Hill article available here. Agri-Pulse also published an article available here and The Des Moines Register here.

The bill removes the mandate to blend ethanol into gasoline but preserves biodiesel and cellulosic ethanol fuel mandates. The standard ethanol mandate is essentially a corn ethanol mandate.

“It drives up gas prices, increases food costs, damages car engines, and is harmful to the environment,” said Toomey.

The amendment is similar to the Corn Ethanol Mandate Elimination Act that Feinstein proposed with then-Sen. Tom Coburn, R-Okla, according to Agri-Pulse.

The corn ethanol mandate is expected to rise to 15 billion gallons this year. It is anticipated that the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) is proposing a lower level in line with the expected “blend wall,” the market limit on the amount of ethanol that can actually be sold. EPA proposed a lower level in 2014, but the mandate has not yet been finalized.

The Senate is expected to begin voting on the Keystone bill amendments next week, but President Barack Obama is expected to threaten the legislation.

Ethanol groups were quick to blast the Senate measure, according to The Des Moines Register.

“The Feinstein/Toomey amendment is founded upon a false premise,” said Bob Dinneen, president of the Renewable Fuels Association. “This amendment is an unnecessary solution to an imaginary problem. If approved, it would set our nation's energy, economic, and climate agenda back decades.”

For more information on the Renewable Energy, please visit the National Agricultural Law Center’s website here.

 

BLM Extending Solar and Wind Energy Comment Period

Posted November 24, 2014

The Bureau of Land Management (BLM) is extending the comment period on a proposed rule, to facilitate responsible solar and wind energy development and to receive fair market value for such development (79 FR 59021).

BLM is extending the comment period for 15 days. The comment period will be open until December 16, 2014.

The Federal Register is available here.

Bridge to Clean Energy Future Act Introduced

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Posted September 25, 2014

Reps. Earl Blumenauer, D-Ore., and Dave Loebsack, D-Iowa have introduced a bill titled the Bridge to a Clean Energy Future Act of 2014, or H.R. 5559, according to an Ethanol Producer article by Erin Voegele available here. BioMass also published Voegele’s article here, and Domestic Fuel published an article here.

The bill was referred to the House Committee on Ways and Means and received 16 additional signatures from Congress members.

“I’m eager to push this across the finish line this Congress,” said Blumenauer.

“My state of Oregon is a leader in renewable energy technologies, and Dave’s state of Iowa is the second largest wind energy producer in the nation, so we understand the importance of stability and security in the clean energy sector. His help will be important in advancing this legislation. Making sure these energy sources are on an even playing field with the fossil fuel industry is essential to lowering carbon emissions, creating a cleaner environment, and creating good, non-exportable American jobs,” according to Domestic Fuel.

By creating a “tax landscape” for renewable energy, representatives are able to participate in a fair market with other energy sources that create a healthier environment and thousands of jobs.

“The Production Tax Credit has helped the still-growing U.S. wind energy industry employ 80,000 Americans, including thousands of Iowans,” said Loebsack.

The bill would extend the 30 percent investment take credit for alternative vehicle refueling property, up to $30,000, for two years, through 2015. Eligible refueling property includes fuel pumps for ethanol, biodiesel, hydrogen, and compressed or liquefied natural gas, according to Ethanol Producer.

“For our nation to move towards energy independence and continued job growth, we need to prioritize clean energy like wind and act immediately to pass this extension of the PTC,” said Loebsack, according to Domestic Fuel.

For more information, please visit Congress’ website here.

For more information on the Renewable Energy, please visit the National Agricultural Law Center’s website here.

DOE Requesting Comments on Landscape Design

Posted August 29, 2014

The U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) has invited public comment on its Request for Information (RFI) regarding Landscape Design for Sustainable Bioenergy Systems.

The purpose of RFI is to solicit feedback from bioenergy stakeholders on landscape design approaches that integrate cellulosic bioenergy feedstock production into existing agricultural and forestry systems while maintaining or enhancing environmental and socio-economic sustainability including ecosystem services and food, feed, and fiber production.

Comments are accepted until September 2, 2014.

The Federal Register is available here.

RFS Sent to OMB for Review

Posted August 25, 2014

The Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) has sent the 2014 Renewable Fuel Standard (RFS) final rule to the White House Office of Management and Budget (OMB) for final review, according to a Farm Futures article by Janell Thomas available here. The Hill also published an article available here and Domestic Fuel here. A previous post on RFS is available on the blog here.

The deadline to reveal final 2014 RFS volumes passed almost nine months ago on Nov. 30, and now the OMB has 90 days to review the rule.

"We're pleased to see the process moving forward and hope the final rule will show that this Administration is standing behind our national goals for clean, domestic fuels that strengthen our economy and national security. We also continue to urge the Administration to finalize the rule as quickly as possible," NBB Vice President of Federal Affairs Anne Steckel said in a statement.

The proposal, which received more than 340,000 comments, was a huge controversy when announced last year. The oil industry, among other groups, opposed to the RFS applauded it as recognition of ethanol and biodiesel limits, while fuel companies criticized the EPA for turning its back on renewables, according to The Hill.

The rule has not yet been made public, so there is no verdict on whether the volume requirements were changed from the initial proposal, which reduced the amount of ethanol and kept the biodiesel requirement the same, according to Domestic Fuel.

Senator John Thune (R-SD) believes there will be middle ground.

“I think we’ll see an upward change,” Thune said. “I hope it’s a significant upward change and I hope that in ’15 they look at this in a different way.”

For more information on the Renewable Energy, please visit the National Agricultural Law Center’s website here.

Debates Arise over RFS in Washington

Posted July 29, 2014

On July 24, White House counselor John Podesta told a group of senators that reduced volumetric requirements for the Renewable Fuel Standard (RFS) in 2014 are imminent, according to an Agweek article by Jerry Hagstrom available here. A previous post on RFS was published on the blog here.

Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) reduced the corn-based ethanol requirement after concerns arose that ethanol use was causing corn prices to rise resulting in the requirement of higher blends because overall gas use is down. The agency also reduced the biodiesel and cellulosic biofuel requirements on the basis that industries might not be able to produce enough fuel.

Representatives Bob Goodlatte (R-VA), Jim Costa (D-CA), Peter Welch (D-VT), and Steve Womack (R-AR) released a statement, in response to comments made by White House advisor John Podesta, regarding the Renewable Fuel Standard (RFS): 

“Recent comments by a White House advisor implying a future increase in the ethanol mandate run counter to the position expressed by a majority of the House of Representatives. The EPA’s proposal for 2014, which included a reduction in the amount of ethanol blended into the fuel supply, was a positive step forward and acknowledged that the mandate is unworkable, detrimental to the environment, and price distorting to feedstock industries throughout the country. If these comments accurately represent the administration’s intentions, this would be a significant step backwards for American consumers and businesses. We urge EPA Administrator McCarthy and the Obama Administration to carefully consider the concerns of a majority of House lawmakers and take action to reduce the burden of the RFS for 2014.”

EPA Administrator Gina McCarthy said that she has not yet established a release date for the volumetric requirements, according to Agweek.

“I realize that this particular year is a difficult one,” McCarthy said. “EPA tried to get all the numbers out in the supply system. I think the biofuels industry knows we are working hard, otherwise it wouldn’t take so long.”

More than 218 House Members have either signed onto a letter or a bill calling for reform of the Renewable Fuel Standard, according to the statement.

For questions and answers concerning the RFS, please visit the National Agricultural Law Center’s website here.

For more information on the Renewable Energy, please visit the National Agricultural Law Center’s website here.

RIN Quality Assurance Program

Posted July 21, 2014

Under the Renewable Fuel Standard (RFS) program, producers and importers of renewable fuel generate Renewable Identification Numbers (RINs), which are used by petroleum refiners and importers, to comply with the renewable fuel volume obligations.

Several cases of fraudulently generated RINs have led to inefficiencies and a significant reduction in the overall liquidity in the RIN market, which resulted in greater difficulty for smaller renewable fuel producers to sell their RINs.

The rule includes a voluntary quality assurance program and related provisions. The program also includes elements designed to make it possible to verify the validity of RINs from the beginning of 2013.

The rule is in effect September 16, 2014.

The Federal Register is available here.

EPA Finalized Two RFS Rules

Posted July 7, 2014

On July 2, the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) issued two final rules concerning the renewable fuel standard (RFS), according to a Biomass article by Erin Voegele available here. A recent blog post on RFS is available here.

The first rule establishes new fuel pathways and amends the RFS in several ways.

It qualifies new cellulosic and advanced fuel pathways under the RFS, including those for “compressed and liquefied natural gas produced from biogas and landfills, municipal waste-water treatment facility digesters, agricultural digesters, and separated MSW.”

The pathways rule also clarifies several regulations that address registration, recordkeeping, or reporting requirements. It states that producers must include information on the types of residues that will be used. Producers must also record and report quantities of specific types of residues used during production to the EPA. Additionally, the rule states that corn kernel fiber qualifies as a crop residue.

 The second rule finalizes the voluntary quality assurance plan (QAP) for RFS.

The new programs provides an “affirmative defense against liability for civil violations under certain conditions for the transfer or use of invalidly generated” Renewable Identification Number (RIN).

The rule also establishes a third-party quality assurance program option for RINs that regulated parties may use as a “supplemental to the buyer beware liability prescribed” under RFS regulations. Additionally, the rule establishes independent third-party auditors qualifications, and sets biofuel production facilities audit requirements.

The pathways rule will be in effect 30 days after it is published in the Federal Register, and the QAP will be in effect 60 days after publication in the Federal Register

For more information on the Renewable Energy, please visit the National Agricultural Law Center’s website here.

Legislation Introduced to Repeal RFS Ethanol Mandates

Posted June 24, 2014

Congressman James Lankford (R-OK) introduced the “Phantom Fuels Elimination Act” that would repeal the corn ethanol mandate under the Renewable Fuel Standard (RFS), according to a National Hog Farmer article by Scott Shearer available here. Ethanol Producer Magazine also published an article available here and Lankford issued a statement available here.

The legislation would require the remaining mandate to be fulfilled with domestically produced fuels, such as biodiesel, advanced biofuel, and cellulosic biofuel.

In a statement released by his office, Lankford claimed the RFS is “needlessly overburdening American consumers, energy refiners and producers.”

The Renewable Fuels Association (RFA) spoke out against the bill stating it is a “short-sighted effort to undercut the continued growth of renewable fuels by eviscerating the [RFS],” according to Ethanol Producer Magazine.

“Ethanol puts money back in the hands of consumers, including Rep. Lankford’s constituents in Oklahoma. The rationale behind this legislation is baseless. This phantom exists and is haunting Rep. Lankford’s increasingly scared oil industry,” Bob Dinneen, president and CEO of the RFA, said.

The 2007 Energy Independence and Security Act (EISA) required energy refiners to increase the amount of ethanol required to blend into gasoline. The EISA also outlined gradual increases in the additive mandates in the futures, which was based on the assumptions that Americans would consume more gasoline in the future, according to Lankford’s statement.

“My bill will hopefully solve yet another problem caused by this Administration’s blind insistence that ‘Washington knows best.’ If the demand for ethanol-based gasoline is there, the American consumer will demand it. However, our government can best help us reach North American energy independence by allowing the American energy industry to continue to do its job without unworkable regulations like the RFS,” Lankford said.

For a copy of the Phantom Fuels Elimination Act, please click here.  

For more information on the Renewable Energy, please visit the National Agricultural Law Center’s website here.

$12.5 Million Available in Matching Payments under BCAP

Posted June 12, 2014

The Farm Service Agency (FSA) announced the availability of $12.5 million in matching payments under the Biomass Crop Assistance Program (BCAP) for the collection, harvest, storage, and transport of eligible materials to qualified Biomass Conversion Facilities (BCFs) in 2014. The Federal Register notice is available here.

The notice confirmed the requirements for BCFs to apply for qualification, and for eligible owners to apply for BCAP matching payments.

The effective date is June 9, 2014.

For more information on commodity programs, please visit the National Agricultural Law Center’s website here.

Michigan Ethanol Project Upheld By Court Rulings But Development Is Stalled

Posted June 6, 2014

A federal appeals court has rejected a challenge to an environmental assessment of a $10 million construction subsidy for an ethanol plant in Michigan’s Upper Peninsula, according to an article on Great Lakes Echo by Eric Freedman available here.

The U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) assessed the project’s implications for forest resources, wetlands, and air quality. The review “adequately supported its findings that the plant would not have significant impact on the environment,” ruled by the 6th Circuit Court Appeals.

However, the project has been stalled, due to changing circumstances such as withdrawal of the lead private investor and termination of a federal mandate for cellulosic ethanol, or ethanol made from wood projects.

Michigan Economic Development Corporation had approved a state grant. Michael Shore, Director of MEDC said, “From our perspective this project is closed.”

In 2011, DOE drafted an environmental assessment, solicited public comments, and issued a final assessment that suggested several changes in plant operations. The report found “no significant impact” on the environment and promised a grant of $100 million, the court said. Therefore, the DOE did not prepare a full environmental impact statement.

Larry Klein, who lives near the site, filed the suit claiming the pollution from the plant would harm his health.

The suit claims that DOE did not follow the National Environmental Policy Act during the assessment. In accordance with that law, federal agencies must study environmental impacts of “major federal actions significantly affecting the quality of human environment” in consultation with state and local agencies and the public.

The case was dismissed without trial by a lower-court judge.

The Court of Appeals said, “The agency’s environmental assessment adequately supported its findings that funding the plant would not have a significant impact on the environment.” 

For more information on the Renewable Energy, please visit the National Agricultural Law Center’s reading room on the subject, here.

Appeals Court Upholds EPA’s 2013 Renewable Fuel Standard

Posted May 16, 2014

The Court of Appeals for the District of Columbia Circuit recently rejected arguments challenging the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency’s 2013 renewable fuel standard (RFS) , according to an article by The Hill available here.  The Chicago Tribune also reported on the story here.

In rejecting arguments from Monroe Energy, a subsidiary of Delta Air Lines, that the “EPA should have taken into account the costs of credits refiners must buy if they do not reach the required RFS levels,” the court stated that the agency had “wide latitude” to decide how to set the mandate.

This ruling could have broad implications for the biofuel mandate, as the EPA’s final 2014 RFS is due out at the end of June, according to an article by Reuters available here.

The Renewable Fuel Standard “requires increasing amounts of biofuels such as ethanol to be blended into U.S. gasoline and diesel supplies through 2022.”  Refiners must accumulate credits, Renewable Identification Numbers (RINs), “to prove they have blended their share of renewable fuels into gasoline and diesel.”  If refiners are lacking credits, they can buy RINs on the open market.

Monroe argued that a spike in RIN prices could cost the company more than $100 million.  The court, however, ruled that there was “no ground to conclude the 2013 standards are unlawful simply because the RINs are costlier than in prior years.

For more information on renewable energy, please visit the National Agricultural Law Center’s website here.

USDA Announces Funds to Cut Energy Costs for Farmers, Ranchers, and Rural Small Businesses

Posted May 8, 2014

Secretary of Agriculture Tom Vilsack recently announced that USDA is seeking applications from rural agricultural producers and small businesses for grant and loan guarantee funding to make energy efficiency improvements or to install renewable energy systems, according to the USDA news release available here.

“Developing renewable energy presents an enormous economic opportunity for rural America,” Vilsack said.  “This funding will help farmers, ranchers and rural small business owners incorporate renewable energy and energy efficiency technology into their operations, create jobs and help America become more energy independent.  When small rural businesses and farmers cut their energy costs with cleaner and more efficient energy, we are both helping their bottom lines and reducing the amount of greenhouse gas pollution that affects our climate.”

The funding is provided through USDA’s Rural Energy for America Program (REAP).

Applications for grants may not exceed 25 percent of a project’s cost – “either for stand-alone grant requests or for grants combined with loan guarantees.”

Information on how to apply for REAP funding is available here.

For more information on renewable energy, please visit the National Agricultural Law Center’s website here.

Texas Family Wins $3 Million Verdict for Fracking Damages

Posted April 30, 2014

A Texas family has won a $2.925 million judgment against Aruba Petroleum over damages to their health and property caused by fracking operations near their 40-acre ranch, according to an article by MSNBC available here.

Attorneys for the plaintiffs said the suit was the first fracking trial in the United States.  The jury verdict included “$2 million for physical pain and suffering, plus money for property and market value loss, future pain and suffering and mental anguish,” according to a report by The Hill available here. 

Fracking involves “pumping water, sand and chemicals into the ground at high pressure to break rock formations and release oil and natural gas.”

“I’m really proud of the family that went through what they went through and said, “I’m not going to take it anymore,” attorney David Matthews said.

Aruba disagreed, saying, “We contend the plaintiffs were neither harmed by the presence of our drilling operations nor was the value of their property diminished because of our natural gas development,” Aruba said in a statement.  “We presented thorough and expert testimony from recognized toxicologists and medical professionals, as well as local real estate professionals, to help the jury make an informed decision.”

CNN Reports that Lisa Parr’s symptoms began with migraine headaches, nausea and dizziness.  “By 2009, I was having a multitude of problems…My central nervous system was messed up.  I couldn't hear and my vision was messed up.  My entire body would shake inside.  I was vomiting white foam in the mornings.”

Bob Parr and the couple’s 11-year-old daughter also became ill and suffered a myriad of symptoms including nosebleeds, vision problems, nausea, rashes, and blood pressure issues.”

The jury found that Aruba’s poorly managed operation and lack of emission controls created a “private nuisance” to the Parrs by producing harmful pollution. 

For more information on environmental law and landowner liability, please visit the National Agricultural Law Center’s website here and here.

Iowa Legislature Passes Biodiesel Production Tax Credit Bill

Posted April 29, 2014

The Iowa legislature recently passed a bill to extend the state’s biodiesel tax credit, according to an article by the Des Moines Register available here. 

The bill, S.F. 2344, extends the “tax credit of 2 cents per gallon on the first 25 million gallons of biodiesel produced in any single plant.  The incentive was set to expire at the end of the year, but would now go through 2017.”

The bill is now on Gov. Terry Branstad’s desk and he is expected to sign it into law, according to an article by Farm Progress available here. 

“The entire Iowa legislature should be commended for its commitment to ensuring that Iowa not only continues to lead the way in biofuels production, but also in renewable fuels policy,” says IRFA policy director Grant Menke.  “S.F. 2344 will help preserve Iowa biodiesel jobs while also expanding Iowa motorists’ access to cleaner-burning, more locally produced E15 and I applaud Iowa’s elected leaders for standing united with Iowa’s renewable fuels community.”

Iowa leads the country in renewable fuels production.  Iowa has 12 biodiesel facilities “with the capacity to produce nearly 315 million gallons annually.  In addition, Iowa has 42 ethanol refineries capable of producing over 38 billion gallons annually, with three cellulosic ethanol facilities currently under construction.”

For more information on renewable energy, please visit the National Agricultural Law Center’s website available here.

May 16 CLE: Mid-South Agricultural & Environmental Law Conference

Posted April 24, 2014

The Arkansas Bar Association, the National Agricultural Law Center, and the National Sea Grant Law Center will host the first annual Mid-South Agricultural & Environmental Law Conference on May 16, 2014.  The Delta Farm Press and Ag Fax reported on the story here and here.

“This is the first conference of its kind, and is in direct response to requests we’ve received to provide legal research and information specific to Mid-South agriculture,” said Harrison Pittman, director of the National Agricultural Law Center.  “Farming in the Mid-South has its own unique legal and policy aspects.  This conference is meant to address those, and we’ve got a top-flight lineup of experts to speak on the topics.”

The conference offers 6.0 hours of CLE credit, including 1.0 Ethics hour in Arkansas, Mississippi, and Louisiana.  The complete schedule is available here.

Topics and speaker include:

“Litigating Federal Crop Insurance Disputes: Overview and Discussion of Important Practical Pointers and Pitfalls”

J. Grant Ballard, Banks Law Firm PLLC

“Agricultural Leases for Mid-South Farmers, Lenders, and Landlords”

William C. Bridgforth, Ramsey, Bridgforth, Robinson and Raley LLP

James Calman McCastlain, Dover Dixon & Horne PLLC

J. Travis Baxter, Mitchell, Williams, Selig, Gates & Woodyard, P.L.L.C.

“The Gulf Dead Zone and Gulf Restoration v. EPA: What it Means for Agriculture in the Mississippi River Basin”

John Milner, Brunini, Grantham, Grower & Hewes, PLLC

“Hot Topics in Invasive Species Management: Lacey Act Reform, Biofuels, and More”

Stephanie Showalter Otts, Director, National Sea Grant Law Center

“Interacting Ethically with State Agencies”

Drew L. Kershen, Earl Sneed Centennial Professor of Law, The University of Oklahoma College of Law

“Nuisance Lawsuits and Right-to-Farm Laws for Mid-South Agriculture and Aquaculture”

Rusty Rumley, Senior Staff Attorney, National Agricultural Law Center

Location: Harrah’s Casino, 13615 Old Highway North, Tunica, MS.  For hotel reservations, please call 800-223-7277.

Member Cost: Online by 5/9 $270, Mailed/Faxed by 5/9 $290, Onsite after 5/9 $305

Non-Member Cost: $340

Student Cost: $35

Registration information is available here.  For non-attorneys and attorneys not licensed in Arkansas, use event code “CLE751” for online registration.  For any difficulties registering, please contact Kristen Scherm at KScherm@arkbar.com.